Sodium iodide

Sodium iodide - Names and Identifiers

Name	Sodium iodide
Synonyms	Ioduril Anayodin Jodid sodny SODIUM IODIDE Sodium iodide ioduredesodium UV-VIS STANDARD 3 Sodiumiodide anhydrous Hydriodic acid sodium salt
CAS	7681-82-5
EINECS	231-679-3
InChI	InChI=1/HI.Na/h1H;/q;+1/p-1
InChIKey	FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M

Sodium iodide - Physico-chemical Properties

Molecular Formula	NaI
Molar Mass	149.89
Density	3.66
Melting Point	661 °C (lit.)
Boling Point	1300 °C
Flash Point	1300-1304°C
Water Solubility	184 g/100 mL (25 ºC)
Solubility	water: soluble(lit.)
Vapor Presure	1 hPa (767 °C)
Vapor Density	>1 (vs air)
Appearance	White cubic crystal system crystal or powder
Specific Gravity	3.67
Color	White
Exposure Limit	ACGIH: TWA 0.01 ppm
Merck	14,8631
pKa	0.067[at 20 ℃]
PH	6-9 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃)
Storage Condition	Store at +5°C to +30°C.
Stability	hygroscopic
Sensitive	Hygroscopic
Refractive Index	1.7745
MDL	MFCD00003532
Physical and Chemical Properties	Properties colorless cubic crystal or white crystalline powder. Odorless, salty and bitter. melting point 661 ℃ boiling point 1304 ℃ relative density 3.667(25 ℃) soluble in water, soluble in methanol, ethanol, acetone, glycerin, liquid ammonia and liquid sulfur dioxide. The aqueous solution is slightly alkaline.
Use	Used as raw materials for the preparation of various types of iodine compounds, also used in medicine, photography, etc

Sodium iodide - Risk and Safety

Risk Codes	R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R50 - Very Toxic to aquatic organisms
Safety Description	S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.
UN IDs	UN 3077 9 / PGIII
WGK Germany	1
RTECS	WB6475000
FLUKA BRAND F CODES	8
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	28276000
Toxicity	MLD i.v. in rats: 1.3 g/kg, Loeser, Konwiser, J. Lab. Clin. Med. 15, 35 (1929)

Sodium iodide - Upstream Downstream Industry

Raw Materials	Iodine
Downstream Products	2-(2-Aminothiazole-4-yl)-2-[2-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-methoxyimino]acetic acid

Sodium iodide - Nature

Open Data Verified Data

colorless crystal or white crystalline powder. No odor. d 3. 67; Melting point 651 ℃; Boiling point 1034 ℃. Soluble in water. Slightly alkaline in aqueous solution, 19 iodine dissolved in 0.5 ml water; 1ml glycerol. When the temperature is lower than 65.6 ° C., various compounds containing an indefinite number of water molecules are formed in the aqueous solution. It is reductive and can be oxidized by a general oxidant to free iodine. With deliquescence, in the wet air to absorb moisture and caking. Contact with air, can make the iodine free precipitation, gradually Brown.

Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16

Sodium iodide - Preparation Method

Open Data Verified Data

eight ferric iodide method: according to the mass ratio of iodine: iron scrap -3.3: 1, the washed iron scrap is added into the reactor first, then water is added, and the mass ratio of water and iron scrap is 7:1. The iodine tablets were added in portions, and cold water cooling was required outside the reactor to keep the temperature below 65 °c due to the large amount of heat generated during the reaction of iodine and iron. After the iodine tablets were added, the solution was dark red-brown. After the solution was light green, the second batch of iodine was added, and the iron chips were filtered out. Sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the vessel and the reaction was carried out by slow addition of triiron octaiodide with stirring, at which time carbon dioxide gas was evolved. The reaction solution was allowed to stand, the supernatant was aspirated, concentrated to 70-720be by evaporation, filtered while hot, crystallized by cooling, centrifuged and dried to obtain a finished sodium iodide product.
Iron chipping reduction method: take 1oo%~ 103% of the theoretical amount of caustic soda, dilute to 10% solution with water, heat to 60~80 ℃ in the reactor, and add quantitative iodine in portions with stirring, the reaction was maintained and stirred at 80~90 °c for about 1H. The reaction solution was brown in color, the pH value was 6-7, and white crystals of sodium iodate were precipitated. The reaction solution was cooled to 30 ° C. Or lower, and 2 times the theoretical amount of iron chips was added to reduce sodium iodate to sodium iodide. After the reaction was relieved, the reaction was heated and boiled, and the reaction was continued to stir for 1-2H. Then the pH value was adjusted to 8 with 10% caustic soda solution, boiled for 30min, cooled, left to stand and filtered, the colorless and transparent filtrate was evaporated and concentrated to precipitate crystals, which were filtered and dried while hot. The sodium iodide product was prepared.

Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16

Sodium iodide - Introduction

Easily soluble in water, ethanol, acetone, glycerin, liquid ammonia, liquid sulfur dioxide, the aqueous solution is slightly alkaline. It is deliquescent, and the wet air absorbs water and clots. In contact with air, it gradually decomposes and precipitates iodine, which gradually turns brown. Used as drip analysis and other analytical reagents in analytical chemistry.

Last Update：2022-10-16 17:28:33

Sodium iodide - Application

Open Data Verified Data

is a raw material for producing an inorganic electrochemical compound. It is used as an expectorant and diuretic in medicine and also in the treatment of goitre disease. It can be used as a photographic film sensitizer, a cosolvent for iodine, and also for the formulation of iodine emulsions.

Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40

Sodium iodide - Safety

Open Data Verified Data

packaged in black-brown ground glass vials, the vials are sealed with wax, with a net content of 0.5kg or 1kg per vial. Transport in wooden boxes, 10 bottles in each box. Should be packed in a dark room or in red light. Should be stored in a cool, dark, dry warehouse. The mouth must be sealed and protected from moisture. Protection against rain and sun exposure during transport. During loading and unloading, care should be taken. Vibration and impact are strictly prohibited to prevent breakage of packaging bottles. In the event of a fire, it can be remedied with water, sand and various types of fire retardants. Toxicity and protection see iodine.

Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16

Sodium iodide - Reference Information

LogP	-1.301 at 25℃
NIST chemical information	information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link)
EPA chemical substance information	information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link)
Overview	sodium iodide is a white solid formed by the reaction of sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide with hydroiodic acid and then evaporating the solution, there are anhydrate, dihydrate and pentahydrate. It is used as a raw material for the production of iodine and is used in medicine and photography. An acidic solution of sodium iodide exhibits reducibility due to the formation of hydroiodic acid. anhydrous, chemical formula NaI. Molecular weight 149.89. Colorless cubic crystals or white granules. The taste was salty and slightly bitter. Melting point 651 ℃, boiling point 1304 ℃, relative density 3.665(4 ℃), 3.607(25 ℃), refractive index 1.7745. Easily soluble in water (0 ℃ 159.7, 20 ℃ 179.3, 25 ℃ 184, 30 ℃ 190, 40 ℃ 205, 50 ℃ 227, 60 ℃ 257, 296 at 80 ℃, 100 at 302 ℃), ethanol (43.3 at 25 ℃), methanol (65.0 at 10 ℃, 78.0 at 25 ℃, 80.7 at 40 ℃, 60 C 79, 4), acetone (20 C 30.0, 80 C 21.8), liquid ammonia and pyridine, soluble in glycerol. Strong hygroscopicity. In the air gradually moisture absorption to water content of 5%, can be released by the air oxidation of iodine and Brown, aqueous solution is slightly alkaline, there are the same changes, can be slightly added alkali to keep stable. The pH of the aqueous solution was 8-9.5. It should be kept closed in the dark. The Crystal is sodium iodide dihydrate, chemical formula NaI · 2H2O, molecular weight 185.92. Colorless crystals, deliquescent, soluble in water, ethanol and glycerol. 65 degrees above the loss of crystal water, the melting point of 752. It is reductive, and is easily oxidized by oxygen in the air or in an aqueous solution to cause the precipitation of iodine to turn black in color. Should be protected from light, sealed and stored. The transition temperatures of pentahydrate, dihydrate and anhydrous are: NaI · 5H2O-(-13.5 ℃)-NaI · 2H2O-(65 ℃)-NaI sodium iodide is used as an analytical reagent for the determination of palladium, platinum and thallium by microanalysis. A cosolvent for iodine (sodium iodide forms a complex with iodine in aqueous solution to increase the solubility of iodine), and can also be used as a raw material for pharmaceutical, photographic latex and single crystal.
Application	sodium iodide anhydrous is a white powder with chemical formula of NaI, which is widely used, the excellent optical properties of sodium iodide can be well matched with the photocathode of photomultiplier tube to prepare an optical device with high luminous efficiency, which has no obvious self-absorption in the light-emitting Band, the X-ray and gamma ray have good resolution and the temperature effect is small. With the performance and low price of sodium iodide, it is widely used in oil detection, security, environmental monitoring and other fields.
Related chemical reaction	the interaction of sodium iodide and chlorine or bromine can generate both elemental iodine and sodium halide. (1) 2NaI Cl2 = 2NaCl I2 (2) 2NaI Br2 = 2NaBr I2 The sodium salt of the corresponding acid can be formed by the interaction of sodium iodide and acid, hydrogen Iodide, hydroiodic acid, or elemental iodine can also be generated. (3)NaI H3PO4 = NaH2PO4 HI (4)2NaI H3PO4 = NaH2PO4 2HI (5)3NaI H3PO4 = Na3PO4 3HI (6) naI H3Sb4 = NaH2SbO4 (white) HI (7)NaI H2SO4 (concentrated) = NaHSO4 HI (8)2NaI 3H2SO4 (concentrated) = 2NaHSO4 I2 SO2 2H2O (9) NaI HCl = NaCl HI sodium iodide reacts with hypochlorous acid to generate sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide and elemental iodine. (10) 2nai HOCl = NaCl NaOH I2 sodium iodide reacts with the following salts or oxides to form different sodium salts. (11) NaI 6Ce(SO4)2 3H2O=NaIO3 3Ce2(SO4)3 3H2SO4 (12) 2NaI 4Ce(SO4)2 2HCl=Na2SO4 2Ce2(SO4)2 2ICl H2SO4 (13) NaI 3NaIO4=4NaIO3 (14) 2NaI 3NaIO4 3H2O=NaIO3 2Na2H3IO6 I2 (15) 2NaI 2CO2 H2O2=2NaHCO3 I2 (16) 2NaI MnO2 3H2SO4=2NaHSO4 MnSO4 I2 2H2O
medicinal property and application	It is used for cystography, retrograde urography, T-tube cholangiography and fistula angiography of various parts. urography: 6.25%. Cystography: 6.25%. Retrograde pyelography: 12.5% 5-7ml. T-tube Cholangiography: 12.5% 10-30ml. Fistula angiography: according to the condition to determine the injection site and dose.
X-ray contrast agent	is highly toxic and should not be injected intravenously. Liver, renal insufficiency and iodine allergy are not used. Iodine allergy test should be done before use.
caution and contraindication	X-ray contrast agents use the properties of X-ray that are easily or not transparent as a contrast, A drug that develops the site to be examined. At present, the contrast agents used in clinic are divided into two types: negative contrast agents (the contrast density is lower than that of human soft tissue) and positive contrast agents (the contrast density is higher than that of human soft tissue). Negative contrast agents include air, carbon dioxide, and oxygen. The positive contrast agents were almost iodide and organic iodine compounds except barium sulfate. Sodium iodide was first used in urography. The iodine-carbon bond in organic iodine compounds is quite stable, not easy to form iodine ions, and has few physiological effects on human body. X-ray contrast agent in some organs or tissues of the body after absorption and appropriate concentration, to reach a certain concentration, can absorb X-ray, can be used for imaging. They can be divided into water-soluble and oil-soluble two, according to different chemical types, the former can be divided into phthalides, organic acids, sulfonic acids and pyridinones; The latter is mainly iodized oil. The ideal contrast agent should have the following requirements: clear development; Non-toxic, no adverse reactions; Easy absorption and excretion; Stable physical and chemical properties, can be stored for a long time without deterioration; Easy to use; Easy to manufacture, low price.
solubility in water (g/100ml)	grams dissolved per 100ml of water at different temperatures (℃): 159g/0 ℃;167g/10 ℃;178g/20 ℃;191g/30 ℃;205g/40 ℃; 257g/60 ℃;295g/80 ℃;302g/100 ℃
synthesis process	(1) weigh 200 of iodine, 250 of sodium bicarbonate, after mixing in 200 of water, fully stirred to obtain mixed solution 1;(2) in the mixed solution 1, add 24kg hydrazine hydrate, mixed evenly to obtain mixed solution 2;(3) the mixed solution two is reacted at a temperature of 50 C for 1H to obtain a mixed solution three with a pH of 6.5;(4) after adding sodium hydroxide solution to the mixed solution three and adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 9, heat preservation at 100 ℃ for 8H to obtain mixed solution 4;(5) HI solution is added to mixed solution 4, pH of mixed solution is adjusted to 3, and heat preservation at 75 ℃ for 4H;(6) in step (5) Add sodium hydroxide solution to the solution after the end of the incubation, and adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 6.5 to prepare the crude NaI solution;(7) add 0.4 of activated carbon to the crude NaI solution, mix well, then stand for 24h, filter and remove impurities, and the filtrate is distilled under reduced pressure to obtain a concentrated solution, the pressure of vacuum distillation is -0.5MPa, and the distillation temperature is 80 ° C.;(8) the concentrated solution is centrifuged to remove the liquid, and the solid is dried to obtain sodium iodide powder;(9) the dried sodium iodide powder is subjected to recrystallization and purification in anhydrous alcohol to obtain the high-purity anhydrous sodium iodide powder of the present invention after drying. The purity of the prepared anhydrous sodium iodide was 99.9%, the content of impurity K was 1.5ppm, and the apparent density was 2.44g/mL.
toxicity	see iodine.
Use	as a co-solvent for analytical reagents and iodine, also used in the pharmaceutical industry used as analytical reagents and raw materials for the preparation of single crystals used as raw materials for the preparation of various types of iodine compounds, also used in medicine, is a raw material for producing inorganic iodide and organic iodide. It is used as an expectorant and diuretic in medicine and also in the treatment of goitre disease. It can be used as a photographic film sensitizer, a cosolvent for iodine, and also for the formulation of iodine emulsions. for trace determination of cesium, platinum and thallium, etc. The chemical industry is used as an important raw material for the preparation of inorganic and organic iodides, as a cosolvent for iodine and for the preparation of iodine emulsions. The pharmaceutical industry is used to produce drugs such as expectorants and diuretics. The photosensitive industry is used as a photosensitizer for film, and is used as a drop analysis and other analytical reagents in analytical chemistry. Used as an oxidant in chemical reactions. When the temperature is lower than 65.6 ° C., the sodium iodide forms various hydrates containing a variable number of water in the aqueous solution. Two water from the solution at room temperature, colorless prismatic crystals,-13.5~31.5 deg C can precipitate five water. With sulfur dioxide, the formation of the corresponding stable compounds. There is a reduction, can be oxidized oxidation, free of iodine.
production method	triiron octaiodide method according to the mass ratio of iodine: iron scrap = 3.3:1, the cleaned iron chips were first added to the reactor, and then water was added, and the mass ratio of the amount of water added to the iron chips was 7:1. The iodine tablets were added in portions, and due to the large amount of heat generated during the reaction of iodine and iron, cold water was used to cool the temperature below 65 °c outside the reactor. After iodine tablets were added, the solution was dark red-brown. After the solution was light green, a second batch of iodine was added, and iron chips were removed by filtration. Sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the vessel and the reaction was carried out by slow addition of triiron octaiodide with stirring, at which time carbon dioxide gas was evolved. The reaction solution was allowed to stand, the supernatant was aspirated, concentrated to 70-72 ° Bé by evaporation, filtered while hot, crystallized by cooling, centrifuged and dried to obtain a finished sodium iodide product. Its Fe + I2 → FeI23FeI2 + I2 → Fe3I8Fe3I8 +8NaHCO3 → 8NaI + Fe3O4 + 4H2O +8CO2 ↑ iron scrap reduction method to take the theoretical amount: 100% ~ 103% caustic soda, diluted with water to 10% solution, heated in the reactor to 60-10 min ~ 80 ℃, with stirring, add quantitative iodine, at 80~90 ℃ heat preservation and stirring reaction about 1H, the reaction solution is brown, pH value is 6~7, at the same time there are white crystals of sodium iodate precipitation. The reaction solution was cooled to 30 ° C. Or lower, and 2 times the theoretical amount of iron chips was added to reduce sodium iodate to sodium iodide. After the reaction was relieved, the reaction was heated and boiled, and the reaction was continued to stir for 1-2H. Then the pH value was adjusted to 8 with 10% caustic soda solution, boiled for 30min, cooled, left to stand and filtered, the colorless and transparent filtrate was evaporated and concentrated, and crystals were precipitated, and then filtered and dried while hot to obtain sodium iodide finished product. 3I2 + 6NaOH → 5NaI + NaIO3 +3H2ONaIO3 + 3Fe + 3H2O → NaI + 3Fe(OH)2
toxic substance data	information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link)